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Coty is a 10-year-old male Yorkshire Terrier. He is affectionate, loves attention, and is current with all vaccinations. For more information, call 610-367-2937.
Tutu is a nine-year-old female Yorkshire Terrier who loves cuddling and being walked. A quiet home would suit her best. For more information, call 302-894-1286.
Animal Space Stories Archive
Jack Russell Terrier Club
By Garnet L. Williams
When the Jack Russell Terrier Club of America was formed over 15 years ago, the organization—whose purpose is to protect and preserve Jack Russell Terriers—quickly gained popularity. As the need for a rescue group dedicated to placing abandoned, displaced and unwanted Jack Russell Terriers into loving homes grew, it became apparent that, to be effective, the rescue needed to establish itself as an independent, nonprofit organization. The result was Russell Rescue, Inc., a national organization formed in 2005.
Jack Russell Terriers are athletic dogs who are typically very devoted, intelligent and loving animals. They usually live and play well with children and enjoy playing with toys. Jack Russell Terriers can be difficult to train and, consequently, they should be trained by an experienced trainer. If they do not receive the proper training, Jack Russell Terriers can become aggressive around other dogs. This trait could be lessened significantly if interaction with other dogs occurs at an early age. In addition, Jack Russell Terriers have strong hunting instincts and should not be trusted around small animals.
Individuals who are interested in adopting a dog from the rescue must first complete an adoption application. If the application is approved, the references listed on the application—which include the applicant’s landlord and veterinarian—will be contacted. The applicant must then undergo a telephone interview with an individual from the rescue, followed by a home visit. Potential adopters must meet the qualifications listed on the Web site, including that there is no child 6 years old or younger living in the home, and that the home has adequate containment, such as a fence or a kennel. Adoption fees range from $100 to $200, depending on the dog’s age.
In order to foster a dog through the rescue, a completed foster home application must be submitted. Applicants are interviewed and then are either accepted or denied in providing approved foster homes. Applicants with previous dog ownership are preferred, especially individuals who have experience with caring for and/or owning Jack Russell Terriers.
For more information about Russell Rescue, Inc., please visit http://www.russellrescue.com or call 540-234-6084.
Fleas and Ticks
By Garnet L. Williams
Because fleas and ticks can cause a myriad of problems for pets, an effective parasite prevention regimen is essential to the health of cats and dogs.
While fleas and ticks are most prevalent during the months of April through August, these irritating parasites can cause problems to pets all year long. Fleas can bite a cat or dog more than 400 times in a single day, and female fleas may lay hundreds of eggs on a pet. Common household fleas usually do not transmit diseases to pets, but they may cause irritation when they bite, which often leads to the most common allergic skin disorder in pets—flea allergy dermatitis, or FAD. When a flea bites a pet who is allergic to fleas, a red spot surrounded by a reddened halo shape will appear. If a pet owner suspects that their pet is suffering from FAD, he or she should visit a veterinarian for diagnosis and treatment. Some treatment methods include bathing the affected pet in cool water and using hydrocortisone shampoo when the animal’s skin is inflamed and is bright pink or red. If the cat or dog has localized allergy spots, a hydrocortisone spray can be administered.
Whether or not a pet has been bitten by fleas or not, preventative measures against future occurrences should be taken. There are several flea prevention treatments available for pet owners, including flea collars, dips, shampoos and sprays. Unfortunately, in order to be effective, these products must be repeated often. The easiest and most effective way to prevent fleas is to use a monthly topical medicine. A few drops of topical pet medication on a cat or dog’s neck once per month will ward off fleas for the entire month. Although the aforementioned methods are usually less expensive, administering a topical medication once per month will ultimately result in considerable savings.
Ticks can transmit diseases to pets including babesiosis, tick paralysis and lyme disease. Babesiosis symptoms include appetite loss, weakness and pale gums. The symptoms of tick paralysis begin gradually and then progress into further stages of paralysis. Symptoms of lyme disease include swollen joints, fatigue and vomiting. However, some pets who have lyme disease show no symptoms. Pet owners whose dogs are frequently outside should schedule an appointment with their veterinarian for a lyme disease vaccination. Unfortunately, there is currently no lyme disease vaccination for cats.
For more information on flea and tick treatment and prevention, please consult your veterinarian.
The Purpose of Pets
It is reported that the following part of the Book of Genesis was discovered in the Dead Sea Scrolls. If authentic, it would shed light on the question, “Where do pets come from?” http://www.warmfuzzys.org/index.html –author unknown
And Adam said, “Lord, when I was in the garden, you walked with me everyday. Now I do not see you anymore. I am lonesome here and it is difficult for me to remember how much you love me.” And God said, “No problem! I will create a companion for you that will be with you forever and who will be a reflection of my love for you, so that you will know I love you, even when you cannot see me. Regardless of how selfish and childish and unlovable you may be, this new companion will accept you as you are and will love you as I do, in spite of yourself.”
And God created a new animal to be a companion for Adam. And it was a good animal. And God was pleased. And the new animal was pleased to be with Adam and he wagged his tail. And Adam said, “But Lord, I have already named all the animals in the Kingdom and all the good names are taken and I cannot think of a name for this new animal.” And God said, “No problem! Because I have created this new animal to be a reflection of my love for you, his name will be a reflection of my own name, and you will call him DOG.” And Dog lived with Adam and was a companion to him and loved him. And Adam was comforted. And God was pleased. And Dog was content and wagged his tail.
After a while, it came to pass that Adam’s guardian angel came to the Lord and said, “Lord, Adam has become filled with pride. He struts and preens like a peacock and he believes he is worthy of adoration. Dog has indeed taught him that he is loved, but no one has taught him humility.”
And the Lord said, “No problem! I will create for him a companion who will be with him forever and who will see him as he is. The companion will remind him of his limitations, so he will know that he is not always worthy of adoration.”
And God created CAT to be a companion to Adam. And Cat would not obey Adam. And when Adam gazed into Cat’s eyes, he was reminded that he was not the supreme being. And Adam learned humility. And God was pleased. And Adam was greatly improved. And Cat did not care one way or the other.
Rescue Yorkies The Low Allergy Dog
Garnet L. Williams
What is small enough to comfortably carry, great for allergy sufferers, will guard a home day and night and has been around for nearly 150 years? A Yorkshire Terrier, of course.
Yorkshire terriers, or Yorkies, are small dogs that are among the breed of dogs classified as toy breeds. They do not shed and are considered to be one of the best dog breeds for allergy sufferers. However, they have a long coat that, without frequent brushing, can easily become matted. If an owner does not have the time to devote to brushing their Yorkie on a regular basis, then he or she must commit to frequently having the coat trimmed.
Yorkies do not require much exercise and are keen watchdogs. When left alone for long periods of time, they experience separation anxiety, often resulting in the destruction of objects in the house and incessant barking. Because they are naturally cautious, Yorkies should be exposed to people and common sights and sounds. If they are not, they could become overly suspicious and/or shy. They are also often quick to bark, and should be corrected if the bark is unwarranted.
Rescue Me Yorkie Rescue was formed in 2005 to rescue abandoned and abused Yorkies and Yorkie mixes and provide them with “forever homes.” Potential adopters must complete an application, which includes providing a veterinary reference. Selected applicants must then participate in a phone or e-mail interview followed by a home check. If the home check proves to be satisfactory, the applicant is approved to adopt. Adoption fees are based on the dog’s age, health, size and temperament and range from $50 to $750.
Individuals who are interested in fostering must undergo the same approval process as potential adopters and must already own a Yorkie. “I cry every time one of the fosters leave my home. Even though I have four of my own dogs, I fall in love with fosters very quickly and love to see them blossom into well adjusted pups before my very eyes,” explained Nancy Warren, a volunteer with the rescue.
For more information about Rescue Me Yorkie Rescue, visit http://www.yorkierescueme.com or call 410-665-8899.
Delay Degenerative Joint Disease
By Dr. Jennifer Smetana, Crosspointe Animal Hospital
Pet owners may notice various changes in their animals as they age. Dogs commonly show a decrease in activity, as well as a stiffness of their gait, both of which can be exacerbated by long periods of recumbency. Cats may have difficulty grooming, getting in and out of the litter box, and jumping onto furniture. All of these are common signs of the most common type of animal arthritis: degenerative joint disease (DJD). DJD is defined as the progressive and permanent deterioration of the cartilage of the joints due to primary and secondary causes. In fact, studies have shown that DJD can be found in 20% of dogs older than one year. Cats also have radiographic signs of osteoarthritis; however, they do not readily express signs of osteoarthritis. In a study of 100 cats which presented for musculoskeletal problems 90% had radiographic signs of osteoarthritis.
DJD does not initially begin as an inflammatory process, but can be driven by inflammatory mediators. Enzymes which break down collagen are released from damaged cartilage cells. Collagen synthesis is altered, and an abnormal collagen is produced which weakens the structure. Additional mediators become involved and are released which further weaken and breakdown the cartilage. This cartilage which is being destroyed has limited capacity to repair or regenerate.
Dogs with the highest risk of developing DJD are the working, athletic dogs, and on the other end of the spectrum, the overweight and obese dogs. In addition, the breakdown of cartilage may be increased in dogs with hypothyroidism, Cushing’s disease, or diabetes mellitus. Diagnosis of DJD is usually based on clinical signs and changes in the joint which can be seen on a radiograph.
Treatment for DJD focuses on supportive care and medications, in an attempt to minimize further damage to the joint. Non steroidal anti inflammatory medications (NSAIDs), such as Rimadyl, Deramaxx, or Piroxicam, may be prescribed by your veterinarian to help reduce progression of the changes in the cartilage, and as a pain medication. These drugs have limited use in cats. However, NSAIDS can be irritating to the gastrointestinal system, so close monitoring of the patient is needed. In addition, there are some pre-existing medical conditions in which the use of NSAIDs may be contraindicated, and therefore, close monitoring of the patient with blood work is indicated. Joint supplements such as those containing glucosamine, chrondroitan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid are also a valuable part of the treatment plan for DJD. These supplements help provide the cartilage with basic structural functions which are needed, and help inhibit the enzymes which breakdown the cartilage. In the end, your veterinarian should determine which medications are most suitable for your pet.
Supportive care, such as weight loss and physical therapy are also a valuable part of the treatment plan. Weight loss is necessary in overweight patients in order to decrease the stress on the joints. Physical therapy to help augment limb function can be performed via massaging, swimming, passive range of motion exercises, and controlled leash walks on soft surfaces.
In closing, the best way to treat DJD, is to try and prevent it from occurring. Moderate amounts of exercise and a healthy diet can keep your pet fit and trim, and at a lower risk for developing DJD. As your pet gets older, the first signs of DJD should be brought to your veterinarian’s attention for prognosis. Please consult with your veterinarian if you have further questions concerning arthritis and your dog or cat.
Assistance is available at Crosspointe Animal Hospital.
Guide to Purchasing Pet Accessories
Garnet L. Williams
Given the wide variety of pet accessories available, new dog owners often become overwhelmed when deciding which items to purchase. Therefore, a basic knowledge of which accessories are appropriate to a dog’s breed and/or size is essential.
Because plastic food dishes can easily be scratched, bacteria can easily accumulate in them. Therefore, pet owners should always purchase ceramic or metal dishes. Tall cone-shaped food and water dishes are ideal for dogs that have long ears, as they keep the dog’s ears out of food and water. In addition, owners of large dog breeds should elevate their food and water dishes to reduce any unnecessary strain on the dog’s neck and back. Many pet stores carry metal frames suitable for this purpose.
There are a variety of collar types available, including:
· Choke chains, or training collars, are metal and are used for correcting a dog when he or she acts inappropriately. It is imperative that training collars are put on properly; pet owners should read the materials that accompany the collar. To ensure a good fit, pet owners should purchase a training collar that barely fits over the dogs ears and is the lightest model available in that length.
· Flat quick-release nylon collars are convenient for easy removal of the collar, and many are adjustable.
· Harnesses are recommended when walking small dogs because they decrease the dog’s chances of receiving a neck injury.
· Rolled leather collars help to avoid the chafing and/or hair breakage often caused by flat collars.
Three different types of leashes should be purchased for dogs: a short leash for walking in crowded areas, a long leash for walks in less dense areas and an extra-long leash for training exercises. Leashes that have a spring hook are recommended because they will not accidentally release.
Gumabones, nylabones and nylafloss are highly-recommended bones due to the degree to which they clean dogs’ teeth. Large rawhide bones are not recommended, because the dogs are apt to swallow large pieces, which then block their intestines.
Flea combs are an effective, pesticide-free way to help rid your dog of fleas. Fleas become caught in the narrow gaps of the teeth of the comb and either become trapped or jump off. Tick pullers—which completely remove a tick from a dog’s skin—are a must for any dog owner.
To ensure a pet’s safety and happiness, dog owners should conduct research before purchasing any item for their dog.
Seek Proper Dog Training
By Garnet L. Williams
Effective communication between a dog owner and his or her dog is essential to building and maintaining a long-lasting, productive relationship. Because dogs are animals, the majority of their negative behaviors are completely natural. Training a dog to become obedient is the key to preventing these natural behaviors in domestic settings.
It is never too early to begin training a dog. Initially, dog owners should begin attending local obedience training classes to learn the basics. To ensure the dog’s maximum comfort, obedience training that takes place outside of the classroom should occur in a room with minimal distractions. Once a dog begins correctly responding to several obedience commands, then the training can begin occurring in other areas in the home or outside.
The two main types of training styles are leash and collar training and reward training. Leashand collartraining emerged as a dog training method as a result of military dog training. This method is viewed as a more traditional training method, whereas reward training has increased in popularity in the past decade.
Leash and collar training is often the preferred method in situations where a dog might be motivated to disobey his or her owner. Using this method, the dog will first be taught a behavior, such as “heel” “sit” or “stay.” Once the dog has mastered this command, the leash will be used to correct the dog when he or she does not correctly respond to it. It is imperative that the owner does not become reliant on the leash for training. Instead, the leash must be viewed as a tool that will assist the owner in acquiring the necessary skills to train their dog, for, when the leash is absent, he or she must rely on these skills.
The concept of reward training is to present food or a toy to a dog after he or she has successfully responded to a command. Introducing a reward and praise such as “Good!” positively reinforces the dog’s behavior. Some owners prefer this method to leash and collar because it forces the dog to focus on the command rather than the stimulus of touch. Reward training is used to teach complex types of behavior, and, therefore, is used with circus, police and military dogs.
It is important for dog owners to research training methods before they determine the appropriate one for their pet. For more information, please visit: http://www.absolute-dog-training.com.
Adopting Pekingese
For nearly ten years, The Potomac Valley Pekingese Club, Inc. has been rescuing and placing homeless Pekingese dogs into loving homes. The organization also strives to educate the public about responsible breeding and ownership of the breed.
To adopt a Pekingese from the group, potential adopters must first complete an application form, which is reviewed by a rescue committee. One of the organization’s representatives then consults with the applicant’s veterinarian, and a telephone interview is conducted. Representatives from the rescue group then visit the applicant’s home to ensure that it confirms to acceptable living standards. During this home check, a second interview is conducted. If the applicant is approved, a contract of ownership must be completed. All of the rescue’s Pekingese are vaccinated and spayed or neutered.
Residents of Va., Md. and Washington D.C. may adopt or foster dogs from the group. To become a fosterer, applicants must complete and submit an online application. The applicant’s veterinarian will then be consulted, followed by a telephone interview, home check and in-person interview. Potomac Valley Pekingese Club, Inc. prefers that fosterers have owned Pekingese before or, if not, that they have owned or had experiences with dogs in the toy breed. Preferred applicants should also have a fenced yard or, of not, be able to walk the dog(s) two to three times per day. Fosterer’s must also take the dog to a veterinarian on a routine basis, to ensure that he or she is provided with appropriate medical care. Potential fosters must demonstrate that they are financially able to care for a dog. “We are proud of our foster care givers who work tirelessly; and whose only reward is seeing the dogs they have cared for find a loving forever home in which to live out their natural lives,” said member Lynn Schultz. “We always need good fosters, and hope that some kind people in Lorton will be willing to foster or to adopt from us,” she added.
For more information about The Potomac Valley Pekingese Club, Inc., consumer recalls related to canine merchandise, or medical conditions that affect dogs, please visit http://www.potomacpekes.org.
Blessing of The Animals Observed at Pohick Church
Story and Photos by Floyd Harrison
At the time of the feast of St. Francis of Assisi, catholic churches observe the blessing of the animals in keeping with the tradition of St. Francis. A visit to Pohick Episcopal Church on a pleasant Sunday afternoon found a meeting in the grove led by Reverend Donald Binder, Rector and Reverend Jane Piver, assistant to the Rector.
People assembled with their animals, large and small. There were several kittys but mostly dogs from Chihuahuas to shepherds and retrievers. In past years, horses were ridden to the ceremony. Anything that can stand to be sprinkled is welcomed.
Perhaps the animals didn’t understand the belief of their masters but they seemed understand that it was about them. They appreciated the care and attention anyway. All endured the droplets splashing on them reverently. These are pets or companion dogs but the recognition is for all of the creatures of creation.
It’s a kind of cute scene, relaxed but earnest. Scriptures were read and the Canticle of Brother Sun was recited. The animals were then sprinkled using a hedge branch. It was over with a closing blessing. The animals took their masters home.
Calm Appalachia Great Pyrenees Typically Great Family Protection
Garnet L. Williams
The Appalachian Great Pyrenees Rescue Association, Inc., or AGPR, was formed 10 years ago as an offshoot of the National Capital Area Great Pyrenees Club, or NCAGPC. The NCAGPC’s purpose is informational, whereas AGPR exists to rescue and find homes for Great Pyrenees dogs that are in need of new homes in Va., Md., and Washington D.C., including dogs whose owners cannot, or are no longer willing to keep them for any reason, as well as for dogs who are in shelters. However, the APGA is also informational, in that the group encourages anyone who is interested in buying or adopting a Great Pyrenees (even if it is not from them) to call them regarding any questions that they may have. “This is not a breed for everyone, so we are also happy to recommend other breeds to people if we feel Pyrenees may not be a good choice for them,” says Dorcas Brannock, the secretary for the organization. Great Pyrenees are typically affectionate, calm, independent, gentle and loyal, but are protective of their family when necessary.
Once the dogs are rescued, they are provided with all necessary vaccinations as well as any medical care that they require. All of the dogs are also spayed or neutered, and their temperament is assessed. This is done so that the group can find the appropriate home for each dog. This assessment includes but is not limited to their interaction with other dogs, other animals and pets and adults or children that they are unfamiliar with. The group also works with each dog to teach them how to walk on a leash, learn and respond to basic commands and to teach them to become housebroken.
Potential adopters must complete and submit an application form and take part in a telephone interview. AGPR will then follow-up with two personal references and a veterinarian reference, and they will conduct a home visit. Once approved, AGPR will match the new owner with the right dog for their particular living situation.
For more information about AGPR, including an adoption application, please visit http://www.agprescue.com or call (703) 406-4285.
Pet Health Insurance
by Garnet L. Williams
For many pet owners, veterinary costs are increasingly becoming burdensome and, in some cases, those who are unable to pay these expenses make the extremely difficult decision of giving up their pet for adoption.
Veterinary medicine is one of the few health care services that is not financially based on if the patient (or, in the case of pets, the patient’s owner) has health insurance. Instead, the owner is responsible for all costs incurred, from emergency to preventative care. Fortunately, there is an alternative that will help offset the often daunting costs associated with veterinary visits and procedures—pet health care insurance. Pet health care insurance policies often work the same as human health care plans in that they may have annual premiums, deductibles (the average annual deductible is $100), and different coverage plans to choose from. Most pet health insurance policies can begin when the pet is as young as six to eight weeks old. In addition some policies have age limitations in that the animal can only be covered until he or she reaches a certain age or for a certain number of years.
The costs of having a pet health care policy vary widely, depending on the type of animal and the provider. Some packages include annual check-ups, vaccinations, routine care, preventative medications and spaying or neutering, while others only cover accidents and illness. Most plans also allow additional pets to be added to the plan at a reduced rate. Some companies will allow animals with pre-existing conditions to be covered on the plan if the animal is stable after a waiting period of six months, while other providers refuse animals that have current medical conditions or terminal diseases. Some providers only offer insurance through an approved list of veterinarians; for these companies, it is crucial that pet owners make certain that their veterinarian is on the list before choosing the policy.
For pet owners who do not want to commit to a pet health care insurance plan, there are also discount programs available. These programs offer discounts on veterinary services and pet supplies and services. In addition, some nonprofit organizations offer financial aid to pet owners who are struggling with veterinary costs. Pet owners who are considering purchasing a health care plan for their pet should first check with their veterinarian, as many veterinarians offer wellness packages, or discounted prices on procedures including vaccinations, spaying and neutering and preventative medications.
Have You Heard About Ear Infections?
By Erin Mairs, VMD –
Crosspointe Animal Hospital
Ear infections are a common problem of dogs and cats. Usually dogs and cats are diagnosed with otitis externa. This type of ear infection occurs from the pinna (floppy part of the ear) down the ear canal to the ear drum (tympanic membrane). If the infection then breaks through the ear drum and goes into the middle ears, it is known as otitis media. This is different from people who generally get otitis media and not otitis externa. This difference may have to do with the shape of the ear canal. In dogs and cats, the ear canal has an L –shaped appearance unlike in people. Certain other features such as floppy ears (like Golden Retrievers and Spaniels) or hair in the ear (like Poodles) can predispose a dog to ear infections. Cats who go outside are more likely to have ear problems.
Animals affected by otitis externa often show signs that their ears are bothering them. They may shake their head, scratch and rub at the ears, or have a droopy ear. Often by examining the ear, you may notice redness, a black/yellow discharge, or a bad smell. Because this condition can be painful, some animals may become more lethargic or not eat as well. Animals whose disease has progressed to otitis media may exhibit neurologic signs including a head tilt or falling to one side. If you see any of these conditions, your animal should be examined by your veterinarian.
Ear infections can be caused by many things. External parasites such as mange or ear mites are common in younger patients. Allergies are an inciting cause in both cats and dogs. Water in the ear from swimming or baths can increase the risk of ear infections. Foreign bodies or obstructions (tumor, excessive hair or wax, polyps) are less common but still play an important role in otitis externa. Chronic ear infections can cause changes in the ear canal itself making the ear more susceptible to future infections. Therefore, the sooner the ear is treated the better.
Your veterinarian may need to do numerous tests to determine the reason behind the infection. They will most likely start with an otoscopic exam to look for foreign body or other obstructions. They will also try to see if the ear drum is intact. Further tests may include an ear swab to look for external parasites as well as to see the type of organism growing in the ear (bacteria or yeast). If the problem is reoccurring or seems particularly bad, they may suggest an ear culture to determine the best antibiotics to use. Recurrent infections may require deeper probing such as allegy testing and food trials to look for underlying factors. Some dogs require bloodwork to see if they have endocrine diseases (like hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, or hyperadrenocorticism) that may predispose them to ear infections. Radiographs (X-rays) of the middle ear may reveal a tumor or polyp.
The mainstay treatment for otitis externa is topical therapy. This usually consists of a cleaner and topical medication. The duration of treatment is usually about 14 days. Your veterinarian will probably want to reexamine the dog at the end of this time to make sure the infection has cleared. Severe infections or those involving the middle ear often require oral medication as well. If any underlying problems were identified in other tests, these conditions should also be treated. Severe cases of recurrent ear infections can become surgical problems. Therefore, treating early and using preventative care are paramount to the care of your animal’s ears.
As in the case of most medical problems, prevention is the best cure. Cleaning your animal’s ears with a good ear cleaner regularly will help to prevent buildup of wax in the ears. There is a correct way to clean the animal’s ears to prevent damaging them. Please talk to your veterinarian if you have not been shown a proper technique. Dogs whose ears have a lot of hair should have their ears plucked on a regular basis. Animals who go swimming or are bathed should also have their ears cleaned to prevent excessive water in the ears. Most importantly is to watch your animal’s behavior, check their ears, and bring them to your veterinarian if you have any concerns.
Dumb Bunny Blues
By Garnet L. Williams
Every year around Easter, pet stores move their bunnies to the display cases at the front of the store. Children then beg their parents for a “cute bunny rabbit.” Their parents give in, rationalizing that a rabbit will make a great, low-maintenance first pet. After the rabbit is brought home, the new owner soon realizes that, despite their small size, rabbits require more care and attention that most dogs and cats. The result: for weeks and months after Easter, shelters experience a surge in their rabbit population that cannot be maintained without many of the rabbits being euthanized.
The key to stopping this cycle is education. Rabbits are high-maintenance pets that would rather be running and exploring than cuddled. If they are cuddled too tightly, they will kick and bite out of fear, which could hurt children. Rabbit owners must rabbit-proof their house, as rabbits will chew household items from furniture to electrical cords. Spaying or neutering a rabbit will help to decrease this destructive behavior. Rabbits are social and active animals and need to spend a minimum of four hours out of their cages every day. They are also delicate animals that require specialized veterinary care.
It is essential for those who are considering adopting a rabbit to research rabbit care first, rather than buying on impulse. For more information, visit http://www.rabbit.org/easter/index.html.
Adopting a Pet Requires Careful Selection, Preparation
By Garnet L. Williams
Adopting a pet is a life-changing experience that requires planning and preparation. Potential adopters must do their research to determine if they are ready to adopt a pet and, if they are, which breed is appropriate for their personality and lifestyle.
For individuals who are interested in adopting a dog, four main factors should be considered. The first is the age of the dog. Puppies and young dogs require a lot of training and supervision and, therefore, would not be suitable for those who lack the time or patience required to train a puppy. For people who do not have an active lifestyle, a quiet and reserved dog would be a better fit than a dog with a lot of energy. For individuals that have children or that often have children around, a dog who is not sensitive to handling and noise is an ideal choice. Lastly, when choosing a dog, the potential adopter must take their living arrangements into consideration. Hunting and working dog breeds, such as Akitas and English Cocker Spaniels, require more exercise than smaller breeds and should not live in an apartment or small house.
Cats can adjust easily to various lifestyles and living arrangements. Kittens are curious and full of energy while adult cats have a more laid-back demeanor. For homes with small children, a cat should be at least four months old. Long-haired cats require a significant amount of grooming compared to short-haired cats. For both cats and dogs, it is imperative for potential adopters to research the breed that they are interested in adopting.
Dogs and cats are categorized as either purebreds or mixed breeds. Purebreds have general breed-specific characteristics. However, mixed breeds are usually less prone the genetic defects that purebreds face.
Once a pet is chosen, it is preparation time. If adopted from a shelter, the owner must spay or neuter their new pet. The home and yard should be properly equipped with items including bedding, a collar, a food bowl, a leash and an ID tag. The ID tag should include the owner’s name, address and phone number as well as the pet’s name.
For new cat owners, it is important to keep cats indoors. If they do not experience the outdoors to begin with, then they will not desire to go outdoors and risk escaping and becoming lost.
For more information on choosing an appropriate breed to adopt, please visit http://www.petnet.com.au/catselectapet.html.
Select Appropriate Pets For Children
Breed Recomendations
By Garnet L. Williams
Owning a pet can add joy to the life of a child. For families with children, it is especially important to choose from breeds and species that tend to interact positively with children.
It is imperative for parents to always supervise their children around any pet, and to never leave a child unattended with one. Even a breed that typically has a mild temperament can harm an infant or small child. In addition, toddlers may poke or grab pets, which could provoke an attack regardless of breed. Children should be taught to be gentle with pets and not to play challenge games such as keep-away. A pet should never be disturbed when they are eating, sleeping, or caring for their young.
According to Go Pets America, some dog breeds that are especially good with children are: American Foxhounds, Basset Hounds, Bearded Collies, Bichon Frises, Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, Newfoundlands, Shih Tzus and Whippets. Some dog breeds work well with children, but their large size can be overwhelming and, as a result, they can inadvertently cause harm to a child. Therefore, according to http://www.puppydogweb.com and http://www.rescueeverydog.org, the following breeds are not recommended for families with small children: Afghan Hounds, Airedale Terriers, Dalmatians, Glen of Imaal Terriers, Pit Bulls, Salukis and Weimeraners. Chinchillas, ferrets, hedgehogs, prairie dogs and chinchillas are also not recommended pets for small children. Be sure your child stays away from pets when they are eating, caring for their own babies, or sleeping.
A pet should always be taken to a veterinarian before it is brought into the home. A veterinarian will examine the animal to make certain that he or she is healthy, as well as administer vaccinations. It is also recommended that children are tested for allergies before a pet is brought into the home. According to the American Veterinary Medical Association, a breeder, shelter, or pet store should allow you to have an animal examined and returned within an expressed amount of time if it is not healthy.
Children can benefit tremendously from owning and caring for a pet, as it teaches them responsibility and respect. Walking a pet together allows parents and children to share time together and encourages physical fitness among children. Although these experiences provide children with a sense of responsibility, adults are ultimately responsible for the pet(s). Therefore, selecting the right pet is a decision which must be made as a family.
Heartworm Disease Affects Cats Too
Carrie K. Turnbull, DVM
Most pet owners are aware of the dangers of heartworm disease in their dogs. However, many are unaware that heartworm disease can affect their cats as well.
Feline heartworm disease is caused by an infection of Dirofilaria immitis, the same parasite that affects dogs. And, just as it is in dogs, the disease is spread primarily through mosquito bites. However, heartworm disease in cats is much different than in dogs and it is important to understand these differences.
When a cat becomes infected with the parasite, the number of worms present is usually much smaller than in a dog. The worms are also typically smaller in size and their life-span is shorter. Unfortunately, this does not mean that the disease is less serious in cats. When a cat becomes infected it may show a variety of clinical signs including difficulty breathing, coughing, vomiting or sudden death – all very severe consequences. Pet owners who understand the risks of feline heartworm disease and take the proper precautions can help their pets avoid what my feline friend Ella had to endure.
This past March, I met Ella, a rescued cat that was brought to Crosspointe Animal Hospital. Ella was a wonderful cat who always looked and acted healthy. But one day, while in her crate in our lobby, she began to have difficulty breathing. We immediately stabilized her and took x-rays of her chest. What we saw surprised us -- classic signs of heartworm disease. Still, because the overall incidence of heartworm disease in cats is lower than it is in dogs we were not completely convinced.
Heartworm disease is not easy to diagnose in cats. We took the next step and sent Ella’s blood to a lab for tests. Heartworm tests for cats are not very reliable due to several factors which can indicate false positives or false negatives. More then 40 percent of adult cats with heartworm disease produce test results which indicate they do not have the disease. Our next step was an ultrasound exam of Ella’s heart and lungs so that we could look for the heartworms. Based on our diagnostic tests we still believed she had feline heartworm disease.
Treating Ella for the disease was our next big challenge. Unlike treatments for dogs, no good treatment exists for heartworms in cats. The therapy used for dogs can be used for cats, but is extremely dangerous. Nearly a third of cats who receive the treatment will have life-threatening complications. In the case of cats, such as Ella, that are showing clinical signs of heartworm disease, we usually place them on steroids to help control the symptoms, and wait for the worms to die on their own. Allowing the worms to die on their own can take two to three years and during that time, the cat may have several episodes of difficulty breathing or other clinical signs that will need to be treated by your veterinarian.
In Ella’s case, it may take two or three years for her to be rid of the heartworms, but thankfully, since being adopted, she has not returned for any further complications.
Ella’s case, so far, has a happy ending, but other cats are not so lucky. The good news about feline heartworm disease is that it is easily preventable. There are three products on the market that can be used. Heartgard30® was the first product FDA approved for heartworm prevention in cats. It is a chewable flavored tablet that is given once monthly. Interceptor® is also an oral monthly preventative that, in addition to protecting against heartworms, protects against hookworms and roundworms (intestinal parasites) as well. The last preventative is Revolution® which is a monthly preventative that is applied topically rather than given orally. It also treats fleas, roundworms, hookworms and ear mites.
The next time you are at the veterinarian with your feline friend, ask about feline heartworm prevention. Heartworm disease, with its serious complications, is important to for pet owners to pay attention to. With the right preventative, your cat can live a happy and healthy life.
For more information, contact Carrie K. Turnbull, DVM with Crosspointe Animal Hospital.
HART Places Many Rescued Animals
Garnet L. Williams
Located in Fairfax Station, Va., Homeless Animals Rescue Team, or HART, has been providing homes for rescued dogs and cats of all breeds for 16 years. The group partners with local foster homes, kennels, veterinarians and trainers to help provide temporary homes for cats and dogs until they are adopted and relocated into permanent homes. In addition, HART sometimes offers senior citizens and impoverished individuals with veterinary care and food for their pets. The group also rescues numerous cats and dogs from area shelters every year and adopts them into loving homes. For many of these animals, their fate would otherwise be euthanization.
Those that are interested in adopting an animal from HART must first complete an adoption application. These are available on HART’s Web site and at HART’s adoption events. A veterinarian reference from the prospective adopter’s current or former veterinarian is required. From the application pool, applicants who are the best match for the animals currently up for adoption are selected to go on to the next stage in the process—an interview with HART associates. These interviews take place at one of the adoption events held every weekend at local pet stores. Representatives from HART will conduct a home-check to ensure that the prospective adopter is able to provide a safe and nurturing home for the pet. When the individual has been approved to adopt, he or she must complete and sign an adoption contract. The fee to adopt a dog is $250 and is $125 for a cat.
All pets are up-to-date with vaccinations and all animals six month of age or older are spayed or neutered. If an animal is below six months of age, the adopter must sign an agreement that he or she will spay or neuter at the age of six months.
HART places approximately 1,000 dogs and 400 cats each year. For more information, please visit http://www.HART90.org or call (703) 691-HART.
Fairfax County Animal Shelter Implements Foster Care Program
A foster care program implemented at the Fairfax County Animal Shelter earlier this year has helped the shelter provide assistance for more than 100 special needs animals who required additional care and attention until they could be placed for adoption.
The shelter’s foster care program, which has been serving homeless animals since April, was established mainly to provide assistance with sick or nursing cats and orphaned kittens who are too young for adoption. The program has increased the shelter’s ability to respond to the influx of cats and kittens the shelter receives during the spring and summer months—a time of the year typically referred to as “kitten season.”
Several shelter staff members have helped foster special needs animals, with the majority of foster care providers being volunteers who donate their time by opening their home to an animal in need. The shelter has employed 23 different foster homes thus far to help animals and is actively seeking additional foster homes for this program.
“The foster care program dramatically increases our ability to care for animals by providing additional space beyond the walls of the shelter,” says Dr. Karen Diviney, shelter director. “It provides the resources we need today to help the many special needs animals inFairfaxCountywhile we work to develop additional programs that address companion animal overpopulation in our county so fewer homeless animals enter our doors in the future.”
The shelter conducted a pilot foster care program in 2005 in which 60 animals were placed in temporary care. Based on this pilot, a permanent foster care program was launched this spring.
Managing Conflicts With Canada Geese
County Shares Facts
The Fairfax County Park Authority recently published a leaflet on Canada geese in which residents will find useful tips for managing local geese populations. By explaining their characteristics and behaviors, many concerns and conflicts the public has with Canada geese may be resolved.
After successfully implementing its own program to dissuade geese from clustering around the Herrity Building fountain and the Government Center pond, the Park Authority produced the free handouts.
The leaflet provides important suggestions for managing geese populations. Planting goose “unfriendly” landscapes near ponds and lakes and ceasing to feed geese human food will discourage the birds from becoming residents and allow them to return to their natural patterns of seasonal migration. The brochure was written by Samantha Cormode, a Lanier Middle School student, as part of her community service work.
You can learn more about Fairfax County Stewardship at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/stewardship. For copies of the brochure or more information contact the Resource Management Division at 703-324-8671. Copies are also available at golf courses, RECenters and in the Herrity Building.
Greyhound Pets of America Rescues Retired Racers
By Garnet L. Williams
The Greyhound Pets of America-Northern Virginia Chapter, or GPA-Northern Virginia, has experienced tremendous success since its inception in the late 1980s. The rescue group—which adopts retired greyhound racing dogs and greyhounds who do not qualify to race— places nearly 90 dogs into loving homes across Northern Virginia and Washington D.C. each year.
Because of their breeding, training and history, potential adopters must be knowledgeable about the breed. To this end, the group provides extensive breed-specific information on their Web site. HM Hounds, which promotes greyhound adoption and education, is a great, local resource for this information as well. For more information, please visit their Web site at http://www.hmhounds.org. GPA-Northern Virginia works together with HM Hounds as well as other local groups and agencies. “The greyhound community is tightly knit. We coordinate with other local greyhound adoption groups regarding lost dogs, warnings about unsuitable applicants and other situations when we can all pull together to help a needy dog,” said adoption coordinator Micky Foreman.
The first step for those who are interested in adopting a greyhound through GPA-Northern Virginia is to fill out the online adoption application. Once the application has been reviewed and approved, a phone interview with the applicant will be conducted. Two volunteers will then conduct a home visit, complete with one or two special visitors—greyhounds! This is a perfect opportunity for adopters to experience first-hand what it would be like to have a greyhound in their home. The group will only place dogs into homes where the potential adopter has demonstrated the ability to provide a safe, healthy, and positive environment for a greyhound. A report of the home-visit is forwarded to the organization’s board of directors, who will determine if the applicant may adopt a greyhound.
It is a requirement for fosterers to be current or previous greyhound owners. The group also “cat tests” all greyhounds to determine if they are able to live with a cat. This is especially important because greyhounds have been trained to be hunters for centuries, and, consequently, not all greyhounds are able to coexist with cats.
For more information, please visit http://www.gpa-nova.org.
New Designer Dog Breeds Offer Improvements, Bring Criticism
By Garnet L. Williams
We’ve all seen designer jeans, designer purses and designer suits -- but, designer dogs? Hybrid or designer dogs, are a cross between two purebred dogs and are extremely popular among pet owners.
The most popular hybrid dog is the labradoodle, which is a mix between a Labrador retriever and the standard poodle. The breeding of these two dogs combines the intelligence, small frame and non-shedding trails of the poodle with the loyalty and energy of a Labrador retriever.
These dogs were bred to create an allergy-free pet for people with special needs. They were first bred in the 1970s when the group the Guide Dogs Victoria, located in Australia, received a request for a low-allergy causing guide dog. As a result, the labradoodle was born.
Another popular breed is the Australian bulldog. Selective breeding of English Staffordshire bull terriers, bullmastiffs, boxers and British bulldogs began in the early 1990s. The result was the Aussie bulldog, which is now called the Australian bulldog.
The breeders who bred these dogs to ultimately breed the Australian bulldog did so because they wanted a dog that resembled the British Bulldog, but that lacked the breed’s genetic predisposition to breathing problems, heat stroke and cataracts.
Still more hybrid breeds include cockapoos, yorkapoos and schnoodle. All of these breeds--cocker spaniel, yorkshire terrier and schnauzer—have been bred with poodles to create these breeds. A major reason why dogs are often bred with poodles to create designer dogs is because poodles do not shed, and many breeders are looking to meet the needs of their customers who would like to own a designer hybrid dog, but have allergies to pet hair and dander.
Along with the popularity of these designer dogs has come an equal amount of criticism. Many pet experts have expressed concern about the lack of a documented medical history of these animals—to include items such as defective genes or genetic illnesses.
There has also been criticism about the up to $2,500 price tag that these dogs can carry; some feel that breeders are beginning to focus on the money more than the dogs’ health.
Lastly, hybrid dogs are often abandoned, as they are often purchased impulsively due to their novelty. It is extremely important for potential hybrid owners to research hybrid dogs as well as specific breeds that they are considering adopting before they actually purchase one.
For more information on hybrid dogs, please visit http://www.dogbreedinfo.com/hybriddogs.htm
Affection for Big Brown Eye Alaskan Malamutes
By Garnet L. Williams
All it took for Lezlie Crosswhite was one look and she was in love. “I saw those soft brown eyes and that was it,” said Crosswhite, director of Chesapeake Area Alaskan Malamute Protection, or CHAAMP, of her first meeting with Moby, an Alaskan Malamute dog, at a county shelter in 1992. Crosswhite adopted Moby immediately.
After Moby died, Crosswhite wanted to adopt another Malamute. In March 2001, she contacted the Potomac Valley Alaskan Malamute Rescue, or PVAMR, to adopt a second Malamute, Dakota. Crosswhite and her husband decided to volunteer with the group, and in December 2001, the coordinator of PVAMR resigned and asked Crosswhite to replace him. She was thrilled. “I love Alaskan Malamutes and I revel in watching the dogs become happy and confident in their new homes. These dogs deserve our help—they deserve our care,” she said. Crosswhite changed the rescue’s name and the rest is history. The rescue serves Maryland, Virginia and Washington D.C.
Alaskan Malamutes are affectionate and loyal. They love people and are independent thinkers. Malamutes can form destructive habits, like chewing, if they are not provided with sufficient attention. They have a tremendous amount of energy and must be provided with daily outside exercise. Malamutes lose their undercoat twice a year and shed often when they do. When they are shedding their coat, Malamutes must be brushed daily. When they are not, they must be brushed at least once a week. Malamutes eat a small amount for their size and should be fed high-grade dog food.
Potential adopters should visit the CHAAMP Web site and read the information about Malamutes thoroughly. Then, contact CHAAMP for an application, as a completed application form is required from all individuals prior to visiting the dogs. Upon receipt of the application, the group will contact the applicant’s veterinarian and landlord (if applicable) and arrange for a home visit.
After the home visit, the potential adopter will visit with the fostered dogs and choose an Alaskan Malamute to adopt. An adoption fee, which varies depending on the age and health of the dog, is required, as is the attendance of positive reinforcement classes.
For those that are interested in fostering, please contact the rescue for an application. Once an application is completed and a home check is performed, the individual is matched with a dog that suits their lifestyle.
For more information about CHAAMP, please visit www.CHAAMP.org or e-mail coordinator@CHAAMP.org.
Mid-Atlantic Border Collie Rescue Serves Wide Area
By Garnet L. Williams
The volunteer-run Mid-Atlantic Border Collie Rescue, located in Chestertown, Md., is a group committed to rescuing neglected and abandoned border collies and dogs of the herding group. Formed in 1997, the rescue serves the following eight localities: Maryland, Delaware, Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, Virginia, West Virginia and the District of Columbia.
Sarah Ruckelshaus, the executive director, formed the rescue. “I have a sheltering background and started the rescue when a border collie came into the shelter and I was encouraged to take it home to rehab and re-home it,” she explains. Ruckelshaus believes strongly that rescue groups serve an important role in the community. “Rescue is important, as we help ease the pressure put on shelters by overpopulation,” she adds.
For those who are interested in adopting, an application—which can be found on the rescue’s Web site—must be completed. An interview with the applicant is then scheduled. The potential adopter’s references and veterinarian records are also checked, and a home check is performed. Once the applicant is approved, the $250 donation fee is required and an adoption agreement must be signed. One stipulation of the contract is that, during the two-week trial period, the dog must be taken to a veterinarian for a general check-up. All dogs have undergone a health screening and have been treated for heartworm and parasites. In addition, they have received rabies and DHLPP (distemper, hepatitis, leptospirosis, parainfluenza and parvovirus) vaccinations.
According to Ruckelshaus, the only requirements for individuals who are interested in fostering are: “The desire and ability to be part of a team and to help rehabilitate and re-home great dogs!”
For more information on the Mid-Atlantic Border Collie Rescue, please visit http://www.mabrc.org. For those interested in adopting, please contact Ruckelshaus at SLR@mabcr.org. For those interested in fostering, please contact Lauren Bacigalupi at lauren@mabcr.org.
Protecting Pets from Ticks,Fleas and Disease
By Garnet L. Williams
It’s spring, and that means fun, sun, and the outdoors. Unfortunately, it also means fleas and ticks are out. However, there are many products and methods that can be used to help prevent these irritating parasites from causing harm to your cat or dog.
Fortunately, common household fleas usually do not transmit diseases to pets. However, they do cause irritation to dogs and cats when they bite. This can leads to itching and the most common allergic skin disorder in pets—flea allergy dermatitis, or FAD. Most cases of FAD have been found in dogs between ages one and six years old.
Fleas often leave no bite marks. However, to a pet that is allergic to a flea’s saliva, a red spot surrounded by a reddened halo will appear. It is not uncommon for two pets that live in the same home to display different sensitivities to flea bites—one pet may be allergic, while the other seems unaffected. If a pet owner suspects that their pet is suffering from FAD, he or she should always defer to their veterinarian for diagnosis and treatment. Some treatment methods include bathing the affected pet in cool water. Hydrocortisone shampoo should be used when the animal’s skin is extremely inflamed and is bright red or bright pink in color. A hydrocortisone spray can be administered if the cat or dog has localized allergy spots.
Once the pet has been treated, preventative measures against future occurrences should be taken. It is best to use a monthly flea preventative that contains insect growth regulators or insect development inhibitors. These products are manufactured by a variety of companies. Ask your veterinarian which monthly flea preventative he or she recommends.
Ticks are another parasite can transmit diseases to pets. These diseases include babesiosis, tick paralysis and lyme disease. Babesiosis symptoms include appetite loss, weakness and pale gums. The symptoms of tick paralysis begin gradually with the pet lacking the ability to coordinate his or her back legs and then progresses into further stages of paralysis. Symptoms of lyme disease include swollen joints, fatigue and vomiting. However, some pets who have lyme disease show no symptoms. Pet owners whose dogs are frequently outside should schedule an appointment with their veterinarian for a lyme disease vaccination. Unfortunately, there is currently no lyme disease vaccination for cats.
For more information on flea and tick treatment and prevention, please consult your veterinarian.
On the Rebound Bulldog Rescue Foundation
By Garnet L. Williams
When Kate Kimener and Kathleen Mulderig saw an ad in the newspaper 10 years ago that read “Must Sell—English Bulldog,” they could not believe their eyes. They had purchased a bulldog puppy only a few months before and could not imagine anyone that would not want a bulldog. They adopted the bulldog and named him Chance and then formed the On the Rebound Bulldog Rescue Foundation.
The rescue, which is located in Frederick, Maryland, is willing to adopt their animals to anyone who is willing to make the drive. In addition to finding homes for their bulldogs in the Washington D.C., Maryland and Virginia areas, they have also placed bulldogs with adopters in Ohio, Connecticut, and Georgia.
For those who are interested in adopting, the first step is to visit the foundation’s Web site and complete a pre-adoption questionnaire. Applicants are then selected by the foundation’s secretary and then, from those, the rescue’s officers decide whom to contact. Then, they interview the potential adopter by telephone. If the applicant successfully passes the telephone interview, a face-to-face meeting is scheduled. If the individual passes the in-person interview, a home visit is then conducted. Upon successful completion of the phone interview, the adopter is invited to visit and choose a dog. The individual is then placed on a two-week trial with the dog. If the two-week trial is successful, the individual is now the proud owner of a new bulldog.
Unfortunately the On the Rebound Bulldog Rescue Foundation does not foster their animals. “We rarely foster our bulldogs because the foster family usually falls totally in love with their foster and adopts!” explains Mulderig, the Chair of the Board of Directors. “I believe that we as humans should give back to our community, our global community, and this is our way of doing that,” Mulderig adds.
For more information, please visit http://www.ontherebound.orgor call (703) 392-9579.
Archie Roosevelt, son of President Theodore Roosevelt (1901-09), poses with Algonquin the calico pony. Photo http://www.presidentialpetmuseum.com/
Presidential Pets Are Varied
By Garnet L. Williams
Pets in the White House have been as American as apple pie. The pets that each of the 42 U.S. presidents have owned have been as diverse as they have.
Horses and ponies were the pets of choice for 11 U.S. presidents including George Washington, Andrew Jackson, Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant, Theodore “Teddy” Roosevelt and John F. Kennedy. Jackson was the proud owner of five horses, including horses named Sam Patches and Lady Nashville. Grant named his horses after some of his favorite people and places including Jeff Davis (the only president of the Confederate States of America during the Civil War), Cincinnatus and Egypt. Roosevelt boasted 12 horses and one pony and Kennedy owned ponies named Macaroni, Tex, and Leprechaun.
Dogs were a favorite as well, with 26 presidents owning one or more—or in the case of Washington, many more—he owned 36. The presidents owned a variety of breeds – from Grant’s newfoundland to Herbert Hoover’s malamute to Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s aptly named great dane, President.
Only nine presidents owned cats—one being the current commander in chief, George W. Bush—who owns a cat named India Willie. The Bushes polydactyl cat, Ernie, was deemed too wild to be kept at the White House and is living with a family in California.
13 presidents owned birds. Calvin Coolidge’s canaries bore unique names such as Nip and Tuck while Washington and Jackson went for the traditional “Polly.” James Madison parrot, Macaw, was literally named after its breed type. James Buchanan owned an eagle.
There have also been many unconventional pets that have graced the White House. Thomas Jefferson owned two bear cubs that were gifts from the explorers Lewis and Clark. The nation’s sixth president, John Quincy Adams, owned an alligator and Buchanan had a pet elephant. Woodrow Wilson named his ram Old Ike and Martin Van Buren had two tiger cubs. Andrew Johnson’s only pets were white mice and Herbert Hoover had a pet opossum. Roosevelt, however, had a menagerie of eccentric pets including a badger named Josiah; Jonathan the piebald rat; a garter snake named Emily Spinach; five bears; two kangaroo rats; an owl; a flying squirrel; a raccoon; a coyote; a lion; a hyena; and a zebra. Coolidge was a close second to Roosevelt, however. His pets included a bobcat, an antelope, a wallaby, a pygmy hippo and lion cubs.
Only three presidents--Chester A. Arthur, Millard Fillmore and Franklin Pierce—had no pets.
Mt Vernon’s Sheep Get Haircut Weekends in May
How much effort does it take to make wool? During the month of May at Mount Vernon, visitors can watch the beginning of the wool-making process with sheep-shearing demonstrations at the George Washington: Pioneer Farmer site, Fridays through Sundays. This once-a-year process of removing wool from Mount Vernon’s Hog Island sheep takes place at 9:00 a.m.–11:00 a.m. and 1:00 p.m. –3:00 p.m. Mount Vernon’s staff will be on hand to educate visitors about the shearing process and to discuss the role sheep played on George Washington’s farm. The sheep-shearing demonstrations, included in admission, are part of Mount Vernon’s livestock programs that run through October.
The most common products from sheep used by early Americans were wool, spring lambs, and mutton. Sheep were also used to trim yards and fields, and their manure was used as fertilizer. Mount Vernon currently has 54 sheep on the estate, including 15 lambs born this spring
Mount Vernon’s sheep are descendants of a flock that was established in the mid-1600’s on Hog Island near the eastern shore of Virginia and are believed to be of British origin. The bloodline of the breed has survived relatively unchanged due to the near total isolation of the island. These sheep are an excellent representation of the common “woods sheep” of colonial times. Males and females can have horns.
Separation Anxiety in Dogs
By Dr. Nicole DeSantis
Crosspointe Animal Hospital
Dogs have often been called man’s best friend. It is true that most dogs and their owners develop a very special bond. Some dogs will form such a close attachment to their owners that they actually develop anxiety, commonly called separation anxiety, when their owner is away from them. Dogs with separation anxiety will often chew or destroy items in the household, urinate or defecate while their owner is out of the house or even injure themselves. There are several techniques you can try to help decrease or prevent anxiety in your dog.
Mental stimulation is a good technique for alleviating separation anxiety. Walk your dog off of the property for 15 to 30 minutes at least twice daily. The sights and smells of your backyard generally will not vary. On a walk there is constant change such as wildlife, new people, and other dogs. Obedience training is another source of mental stimulation. Work on commands such as come, sit, stay, and down stay for at least 10 minutes twice a day. Train with appetizing food rewards. Give your dog a reward every time he or she performs when you are first teaching a command. As he or she becomes better at the command, reward the behavior intermittently. This makes the response more consistent.
Dogs are intelligent and can pick up on cues or signals that tell them you are going to leave the house. Examples of departure cues include putting on your jacket or picking up your car keys. When departure cues are given at least 30 minutes prior to departure, they become poor predictors of being left alone and therefore cease to cause anxiety. Owners can often mix up these cues to try to decrease their predictability. For example you can put on your jacket and shoes and then sit down and eat breakfast. You can also try leaving through a different door of the house.
As previously mentioned, dogs will sometimes chew or destroy toys or other household items when their owner is at work or out for the day. Therefore it is ideal to give your dog a special toy or acceptable item to chew such as a kong, only when you go out. Kongs are firm rubber toys that can be filled with treats such as peanut butter or milkbones. They are available at most pet stores. This can occupy your dog while you are away. Give your dog the toy without inducing excitement before you go out, well before you give the dog any cues that you are about to leave. Remove the toy after you have returned.
There are several other techniques that can be applied to decrease separation anxiety. Reducing your dog’s excitement level before you leave will reduce the tension he or she feels when you are gone. It is also important not to confine a dog with separation anxiety when he or she is alone. Generally, the more confinement, the greater the anxiety. An exception may be a very well crate trained dog that feels safe in a roomy crate. Finally, do not let your dog follow you or other family members around when you are home. Baby gates can be used or you can give your dog a sit-stay or a down-stay command and then practice leaving the room.
Separation anxiety can be a serious medical condition. In some cases, dogs may even need to be given anti-anxiety medication to prevent them from injuring themselves when their owner is away. However, it is important to remember that drugs alone will not cure separation anxiety. You should consult with your veterinarian if you believe your dog may have separation anxiety or other behavioral problems to determine what will work best for him or her.
Boxer Rescue Looking for
Homes for Big Loving Dogs
By Garnet L. Williams
Boxer Rescue and Adoption of Virginia is a non-profit organization located in Reston, Virginia that specializes in the rescue and care of the Boxer breed of dog. Dianne Spessard, the executive director, has been rescuing Boxers for 25 years. “When I started, only a few dogs came into rescue each year. Now, it is a constant battle to find space for the homeless dogs that need our help,” she comments. Although the rescue focuses on the Boxer breed, the goal of the organization is to educate the public about responsible dog ownership of all breeds.
Completing an application – which can be obtained from the rescue’s website – is the first step for potential adopters. The potential adopter must follow-up with Spessard after submitting the application. If this does not occur within six months after the application submittal date, the application is shredded. After the application is submitted, an individual can go and visit the rescue by e-mailing Spessard to schedule an appointment. The next step is for a home-check to be performed in order to ensure that the home is suitable for a dog.
Individuals who are interested in fostering must be consistent disciplinarians to the dogs while also providing affection in a supportive atmosphere. “Most rescues come with baggage and need a loving and understanding person to restructure their behavior to make them adoptable. If the dog has been abused, the person has to be able to gain the dog’s trust and build that dog’s confidence,” Spessard explains.
All of the Boxers have recently had check-ups are up-to-date on rabies, DHLPP and bordetella vaccinations and have had a stool and heartworm check. For more information, please visit http://www.va-boxerrescue.org or call (703) 620-6655 or e-mail spess@cox.net.
Breed Tendencies To Genetic Disorders
By Garnet L. Williams
There are several breed-specific, genetically inherited conditions that occur in certain dog breeds. The following are some to be aware of.
A genetic disorder among the boxer breed of dog is boxer cardiomyopathy, or the erratic beating of the heart that can lead to weakness and sudden death. A veterinary cardiologist must diagnose this condition. If it is determined that a pet or potential pet has it, the affected dog must not be used for breeding purposes.
Hip dysplasia is also a common condition among boxers. This condition exists when the socket on the femur, or hip bone is poorly formed, allowing for the ball joint to slip out of place. Over time, the joint will become progressively worse and will eventually degenerate. Excess weight, prolonged exercise before maturity and high-calorie diets are factors which exacerbate hip dysplasia. Surgery can be performed by a veterinarian to attempt to correct this.
Many bulldogs, pekingese, pug, shih tzu and yorkshire and Boston terriers develop brachycephalic airway obstruction syndrome, or BAOS. This common ailment is a result of narrow nose openings and a long soft palate, which separates the nasal passages from the mouth. As a result of the constricted airways, dogs that possess this condition often tire quickly. Oxygen therapy and corticosteroids are methods used to temporarily treat the condition. However, if the pet’s owner wants long-term results, surgery that widens the air passages can be performed.
Canine Epilepsy, or recurring seizures, can occur in all dog breeds. German Shepherds, Irish Setters and Huskies are among the breeds that have a genetic predisposition to epilepsy. Treatment methods include the medication phenobarbital. Unfortunately, there is no cure for epilepsy. Therefore, the goal of treatment is to decrease the duration, frequency and severity of seizures.
Some dalmations are born deaf in one or both ears. Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response Testing can be performed to test the hearing of six to seven-month-old dalmation puppies to determine if they are deaf or not. Unfortunately, there is no treatment available for this condition.
It is important to note that these ailments do not occur in each dog that represents the breed and that possessing one or more ailments is not a reason to not adopt and/or purchase one of these breeds. However, it is important for pet owners and potential pet owners to become aware of some of the common conditions in certain breeds so that they can plan accordingly.